Key Explorers The key figure in early Portuguese exploration was Prince Henry, the son of King John I. Nicknamed "the Navigator," Henry was not an explorer himself. The Portuguese continued to focus on building trade networks and establishing a trading post empire without heavy colonization in direct contrast to the Spanish. As a devoted Catholic, Columbus had agreed with Ferdinand and Isabella prior to sailing west that part of the expected wealth from his voyage would be used to continue the fight against Islam. In 1493, Columbus sent two copies of a probanza de mrito to the Spanish king and queen and their minister of finance, Luis de Santngel. Instead, he encouraged exploration and directed many important expeditions. The Reconquista marked another step forward in the process of making Spain an imperial power, and Ferdinand and Isabella were now ready to look further afield. He received help from the neighboring cities terrorized by the Aztec empire, who periodically collected people from them to offer sacrifices to their gods in many elaborate rituals, outstripping nearby empires in their zeal. What impact did Portuguese have on Africa? They understood that the Portuguese would soon reach Asia and, in this competitive race to reach the Far East, the Spanish rulers decided to act. Spices, fabrics, and other luxuries flowed into Portugal and out to other European countries, and the Portuguese treasury swelled. Even though the empires of Mexico and Peru had already had thriving trade routes, superior technology and biological factors of new diseases to which the Amerindians had no resistance gave Europeans the advantage. Portuguese maritime exploration - Wikipedia The land there is elevated, with many mountains and peaks incomparably higher than in the centre isle. (1531) In 1492, they completed the Reconquista: the centuries-long Christian conquest of the Iberian Peninsula. They understood that the Portuguese would soon reach Asia and, in this competitive race to reach the Far East, the Spanish rulers decided to act. Missionaries such as Toribio Motolinia and Bartolome de Las Casas brought Catholicism and advocated for the natives, though they fought an uphill battle. Large numbers of Spanish people came to live and work in their new lands of Central and South America. So basically it helped explorers reach their destination. These countries, therefore, represent two distinct, but key goals of New World exploration that became the basic pattern for the history of the Atlantic World. Spanish and Portuguese exploration brought a variety of Western ideas to the new world, including dress and leadership positions like that of the governor. Riches poured in from the colonies, and new ideas poured in from other countries and new lands. The Age of Exploration | History Quiz - Quizizz Spain also grew increasingly wealthy, but the influx of gold and silver currency eventually caused serious problems leading Charles V to declare bankruptcy and spread inflation throughout Europe. Which country established the first colonies in the Americas? Missionaries like Motolinia had a legitimate desire to convert the natives and others like him, including the Dominican friar Bartolome de Las Casas, who wrote "A Brief Account of the Destruction of the West Indies" to draw attention to the atrocities committed against the natives by his fellow Spaniards. Baker Hughes (NYSE: BKR) is a leading energy technology company that design, manufacture and service transformative technologies to help take energy forward. Seoul Station's Necromancer - Chapter 180: Defense (4) | Light Novel World What did the Portuguese and Spanish contribute to the age of It began with the Vikings' brief stint . Such endeavors were accomplished by the conquistadors Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro, who subdued the Aztec and Incan Empires in 1521 and 1533. Columbuss 1493 letteror probanza de mrito (proof of merit)describing his discovery of a New World did much to inspire excitement in Europe. One of the greatest lasting effects of Spanish incursion into Latin America was the . 5 Pages. With his faithful sidekick Sancho Panza, Don Quixote leaves reality behind and sets out to revive chivalry by doing battle with what he perceives as the enemies of Spain. What Was The Age Of Exploration Or The Age Of Discovery? The Economic Causes of European Maritime Exploration Various economic factors led some European monarchs, royal families, and states to support early maritime explorations financially. Columbuss discovery opened a floodgate of Spanish exploration. The world was opening up, and people were realizing how big it really was. It also established trading posts in China and Japan. Effects of Spanish Exploration - CAST Thus the goals of the Spanish conquest were quite different from the Portuguese. How to Market Your Business with Webinars. The Significance of Spanish Colonial Missions in our National Story and There are many spices and vast mines of gold and other metals in this island. One such explorer, Francisco Pizarro, made his way to the Spanish Caribbean in 1509, drawn by the promise of wealth and titles. Europeans gained new materials like gold, silver, and jewels. The Portuguese Role in Exploring and Mapping the New World Merchants then used these Atlantic outposts as debarkation points for subsequent journeys. Lutheranism History, Facts & Beliefs | What is Lutheranism? Below are excerpts from Columbuss 1493 letter to Luis de Santngel, which illustrates how fantastic reports from European explorers gave rise to many myths surrounding the Spanish conquest and the New World. 3 What impact did Portuguese have on Africa? He also started a school What does it reveal about the state of geographical knowledge, as well as European perceptions of the New World, at the beginning of the sixteenth century? Those who survived were strongly influenced by Spanish language, religion, art and architecture. They established posts in Guinea and Angola and a few island plantations to support their business ventures. In the 1500s they had ships called Spanish Galleons that . For example, the mariner's astrolabe, which helped to plot location by measuring the altitude of the sun and stars. What was Portugals role in the age of discovery? Settlements sprang up at St. Augustine, Florida, in 1565, and in New Mexico in 1609. Finally, they also desired to build an empire and spread Catholicism. With financial assistance from the maritime enthusiast Prince Henry the Navigator and the invention of lateen or triangular sails, the Portuguese opened trading routes along the African coast. This painting illustrates the diffusion of which of the following during the Age of Exploration? They had many tools that helped them navigate through the Atlantic Ocean. This innovation helped the Age of Exploration flourish because it showed explorers what direction they were headed. Over the next two centuries, a string of explorers and conquistadors, or military conquerors, claimed territory after territory for the ever-widening Spanish empire. Seeking to ensure that Columbuss finds would remain Spanish, Spains monarchs turned to the Spanish-born Pope Alexander VI, who issued two papal decrees in 1493 that gave legitimacy to Spains Atlantic claims at the expense of Portugal. At Elmina the main source was Ashanti gold, at trading points on the Guinea coast it was gold diverted to Portuguese traders from the caravan route from Timbuktu to Morocco. Which country initiated the era of Atlantic exploration? In Spain, gold and silver from the Americas helped to fuel a golden age, the Siglo de Oro, when Spanish art and literature flourished. Felicity Moran received a Bachelors in history from Franciscan University of Steubenville, and a Master's in history from the University of Cincinnati, where she taught at the collegiate level for two years. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. Portuguese traders soon began to settle around the fort and established the town of Elmina. What were some effects of Spanish exploration of the Americas? Their goals were to expand Catholicism and to gain a commercial advantage over Portugal. The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugal's explorers changed Europeans' understanding of the world in several ways. Like Corts, Pizarro had to combat not only the natives of the new worlds he was conquering, but also competitors from his own country; a Spanish rival assassinated him in 1541. There was plenty of room to spread out, interesting cultures and landscapes to explore, natives to Christianize, and even better, economic opportunities galore, including new sources of gold and silver. Amy has MA degrees in History, English, and Theology. In 1418, the Portuguese came upon the Madeira Islands and established a colony at Porto Santo. Who ruled the government of ancient Sumer? Gold became the biggest source of income for the Portuguese crown. A major result of the European Age of Exploration was. . Inspired by tales of rivers of gold and timid, malleable natives, later Spanish explorers were relentless in their quest for land and gold. What was the impact of Vasco de Gamas exploration? Prince Henry the Navigator - Facts, Timeline & Significance - Biography What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? Explorer Bartholomeu Dias made his way around Africa, and Vasco de Gama finally made it to India. Spain had dominated much of the Americas; Ortiz goes as far to brand the period as "The Golden Age of Spain [1] ". Prince Henry the Navigator | Biography, Influence & Facts, The Development of Monarchical Nation States: the Rise of Power, Bartolome de las Casas: Destruction of the Amerindians, Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire | Biography & Facts, Carolingian Art | Overview, Renaissance & Characteristics. Source for information on Spanish Exploration and Colonization: Science and Its Times: Understanding the Social Significance of Scientific Discovery . Cortes, for example, had friendly relationships with a number of natives, using them to assist in his conquest of the Aztecs, while other conquistadors focused only on subjugation and cruelty. Perched on the southwestern part of the Iberian peninsula, Portugal turned to the boundless Atlantic Ocean as its only outlet to the wider world. In 1492, Granada, the last Muslim stronghold on the Iberian Peninsula, had fallen to the forces of the Spanish monarchs. Portugal discovered new lands, new sea routes and made better maps of the world. The two went hand in hand and produced individuals who both exploited the natives and truly wanted to help them. 5 What was Portugals role in the age of discovery? Malintzin translated for Corts in his dealings with Moctezuma and, whether willingly or under pressure, entered into a physical relationship with him. Spain and Portugal divided the New World by drawing a north-to-south line of demarcation in the Atlantic Ocean, about 100 leagues (555 . A fortified trading post, it had mounted cannons facing out to sea, not inland toward continental Africa; the Portuguese had greater fear of a naval attack from other Europeans than of a land attack from Africans. The Spanish explorers hoped to find cities of gold, so they made their discoveries sound as wonderful as possible in these letters to convince the Spanish crown to fund more voyages. What impact did the Portuguese have on exploration? 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After Columbus voyages to the New World, the Portuguese, Spanish, French, Dutch, and English began the active exploration and exploitation of the newly discovered land in the Americas. The Spanish came to the New World first to have a Far East trading link. Columbus' discoveries also shifted the reasons behind Spanish exploration from trade to empire-building and exploration. Portugal, the western-most European country, was one of the primary players in the European Age of Discovery and Exploration. The motives for Spanish exploration was to find Northwest Passage, which they believed was a direct and efficient route to the Orient home of spices, silks and wealth. Native Spaniards created equally enduring works. Age of Exploration Jeopardy Template Hernn Corts hoped to gain hereditary privilege for his family, tribute payments and labor from natives, and an annual pension for his service to the crown. At the height of the middle ages, the Mongol Empire had kept open borders throughout Asia and into Europe along the Silk Road, allowing spices and other luxury goods to flow freely from the Far East. What was the success of Spain and Portugal? His patronage allowed some of the most important Portuguese expeditions to take place. The Spanish also introduced Catholicism into the New World. Spain. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 Columbus also discovered tobacco seeds and brought the seeds back to Europe. Smarting from their defeat at the hands of the Aztec, Corts slowly created alliances with native peoples who resented Aztec rule. In addition to navigation, what purpose would such a map have served? spices, of Asia. Back to Table of Contents. Malintzin remains a controversial figure in the history of the Atlantic World; some people view her as a traitor because she helped Corts conquer the Aztecs, while others see her as a victim of European expansion. The Dilemma of the West, African Americans in the Antebellum United States, The Filibuster and the Quest for New Slave States, An Awakening of Religion and Individualism, The Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Republican Party, The Dred Scott Decision and Sectional Strife, The Origins and Outbreak of the Civil War, Congress and the Remaking of the South, 18651866, The Loss of American Indian Life and Culture, The Impact of Expansion on Chinese Immigrants and Hispanic Citizens, Building Industrial America on the Backs of Labor, The African American Great Migration and New European Immigration, Political Corruption in Postbellum America, The Key Political Issues: Patronage, Tariffs, and Gold, The Origins of the Progressive Spirit in America, New Voices for Women and African Americans, The Spanish-American War and Overseas Empire, American Isolationism and the European Origins of War, Demobilization and Its Difficult Aftermath, Prosperity and the Production of Popular Entertainment, Republican Ascendancy: Politics in the 1920s, Assessing the Hoover Years on the Eve of the New Deal, The Origins of War: Europe, Asia, and the United States, The African American Struggle for Civil Rights, Jimmy Carter in the Aftermath of the Storm, Early Globalization: The Atlantic World, 14921650. When Vasco de Gama found a new route to India, the Portuguese were able to trade spices and jewels. Bartholomew Dias found the Cape of Good Hope, while his successor Vasco de Gama made it to India, where he realized Portuguese dreams of having a direct spice trade link and allowed the Portuguese to dominate the trade. Although the Spanish had superior weapons, the strength of the Aztecs made the campaign long and grueling. By this and other means, native people helped shape the conquest of the Americas. On October 12, 1492, however, he made landfall on an island in the Bahamas. NYFA's Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) degree programs are designed to provide students with a concentrated education in film, media, and entertainment, supported by an exploration of the liberal arts and sciences. Although the Portuguese originally used the fort primarily for trading gold, by the sixteenth century they had shifted their focus. South American settlement began in 1523 in Venezuela, and in 1524-1526, the Spanish marched through Central America, exerting their control from Guatemala to Nicaragua. They also looked west, settling in Brazil. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration?the renaissance apartments chicago snoopy happy dance emoji 8959 norma pl west hollywood ca 90069 8959 norma pl west hollywood ca 90069 Vasco Nez de Balboa traveled across Panama in 1513 and saw the Pacific Ocean for the first time. [3] Hispaniola is a marvel. They were far more interested in trade, and before long, they had carried millions of Africans away from their homes as slaves. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. Portugal got richer because of the Indian trade. Las Meninas (The Maids of Honor), painted by Diego Velzquez in 1656, is one of the best-known paintings in history. The Portuguese led the way as explorers sponsored by Prince Henry the Navigator sailed down the coast of Africa, establishing a profitable trade in gold and slaves. Warfare by the Spanish, using guns, and forced labour in mines and on plantations also contributed. . (04.05) Painting of a scene showing European explorers and native peoples in the New World. As they died, new workers were needed. When these expeditions began, Europeans knew virtually nothing about the area past Cape Bojador on. When the Spanish captured Granada in 1492, it allowed the Catholic monarchs, Ferdinand and Isabella, to listen to the arguments of the Genoese sea captain, Christopher Columbus, and his claims that he could find a shorter route to the Far East. Although traditional warfare continued to be a major tool for political control, European countries also grew concerned with gaining economic superiority over their neighbors, their main tool being international trade. 2.1 Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest - OpenStax Spain wanted to explore the New World first to find a trade route to India as the Portuguese had. Although Portugal opened the door to exploration of the Atlantic World, Spanish explorers quickly made inroads into the Americas. Spanish Exploration Birth of the USA American Constitution American Independence War Causes of the American Revolution Democratic Republican Party General Thomas Gage biography Intolerable Acts Loyalists Powers of the President Quebec Act Seven Years' War Stamp Act Tea Party Cold War Battle of Dien Bien Phu Brezhnev Doctrine Brezhnev Era Conquistadores Claim Land and Treasure (1500s) Hernando Cortes and Francisco Pizarro took over lots of land from Native Americans in South America and North America. Thereafter, Vasco de Gama rounded the horn and actually reached India in 1498, allowing the Portuguese to succeed in their ultimate aim of establishing a direct connection with the spice trade. When the Immortal had Thrash's set, the Dimensional lords had no choice, but to give up a huge part of Alphen to the Immortal's army. He then sailed to an island he named Hispaniola (present-day Dominican Republic and Haiti) ([link]). When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. (credit: modification of work by National Park Service), Next: Religious Upheavals in the Developing Atlantic World, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, Describe Portuguese exploration of the Atlantic and Spanish exploration of the Americas, and the importance of these voyages to the developing Atlantic World, Explain the importance of Spanish exploration of the Americas in the expansion of Spains empire and the development of Spanish Renaissance culture. Rather than leading to the discovery of gold and silver, however, the expedition simply left Coronado bankrupt. There were new places to explore, room to spread out, and cultures and economies to discover and even control. Sugar fueled the Atlantic slave trade, and the Portuguese islands quickly became home to sugar plantations. Many other Europeans followed in Columbuss footsteps, drawn by dreams of winning wealth by sailing west. Beyond the splendor of the architecture of the missions, what we see today is the cumulative effect of a historic process Spain triggered with its efforts to govern and Christianize the New World, thereby culturally changing the land and people forever. 1015 Words. Notes FAQ Contact . What are the most important factors behind the success of Portuguese and Spanish overseas exploration and colonization? What were three outcomes of Spanish Exploration? This compass showed from four to eight directions. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. He believed the earth to be much smaller than its actual size and, since he did not know of the existence of the Americas, he fully expected to land in Asia. This split desire for wealth and religious conversion was the complicated reason why Spain explored the New World. Columbus held erroneous views that shaped his thinking about what he would encounter as he sailed west. The natives quickly became the bulk of the workforce and were horribly abused despite Isabel's orders to the contrary. To those ends, Ferdinand and Isabella sponsored extensive Atlantic exploration. When we read them now, we need to take the descriptions with a grain of salt. What is the effect of Spanish and Portuguese Exploration? All lands to the east of the line would go to Portugal. The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugal's explorers changed Europeans' understanding of the world in several ways. Portugal imported armor and munitions, fine clothes, and several manufactured products from Flanders and Italy. D. Africans attended Prince Henry's navigation school Her specialties include early modern European history, gender history, and music history. Causes and Effects of Spanish Exploration and Colonization Spain played a critical part in the exploration and colonization of the Americas. Magellan's Circumnavigation of the Earth | Origins 4.2C: The Economic Causes and Effects of European Maritime Exploration The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. An exchange of ideas, fueled and financed in part by New World commodities, began to connect European nations and, in turn, to touch the parts of the world that Europeans conquered. More than a dozen veterans shared their concerns with U.S. Secretary of Veterans Affairs Denis McDonough and U.S. Rep. Mary Peltola. They traded up the Zambezi river and interfered with the existing inland African trade. 1 What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? a long period of peace and prosperity for the nations of western Europe. It took nearly a year for the Spanish and the tens of thousands of native allies who joined them to defeat the Mexica in Tenochtitln, which they did by laying siege to the city. Test and improve your knowledge of The Age of Discovery & Exploration with fun multiple choice exams you can take online with Study.com. Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest | US History I (OS Collection) Wine and dried fruits from Algarve were sold in Flanders and England, salt from Setbal and Aveiro was a profitable export to northern Europe, and leather and kermes, a scarlet dye, were also exported. Why was exploration so important to Spain? This material (including graphics) can freely be used for educational purposes such as classroom presentations in universities and colleges. No products in the cart. Columbus set sail with three small ships and a crew of eighty . Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest by OpenStaxCollege is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Without her, Corts would not have been able to communicate, and without the language bridge, he surely would have been less successful in destabilizing the Aztec Empire. Portrait of Ferdinand Magellan. People were curious, interested, and eager for fresh experiences and observations. The regions through which he traveled were not empty areas waiting to be discovered: rather, they were populated and controlled by the groups of native peoples indicated. During the fifteenth century, Spain hoped to gain advantage over its rival, Portugal. In short, the actions of the Portuguese and Spanish established a permanent European presence in the New World and set the stage for future conflict and historical movements. In 1488, Bartholomeu Dias managed to make his way around the Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa. In the following years, as European exploration spread, slavery spread as well. Columbus and the Spanish Explorations - CliffsNotes Spain and Portugal were considered to be the major exponents of 'The Age of Discovery', stretching from the early 15 th century to mid-17 th century. They forced the native people to change their religion and follow Christainity. | 22 The Spanish also brought smallpox into the valley of Mexico. Why did the authors of probanzas de mritos choose to write in the way that they did? For more than a century, Baker Hughes . They were looking for something new and different, and they were ready to push beyond Europe to find it. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? Want to create or adapt books like this? Set in the Wizarding World universe, this game finally lets you explore the castle of Hogwarts and the surrounding area with near-limitless freedom. They also found a sea route to India. 2 Why was exploration so important to Spain? The Spanish established the first European settlements in the Americas, beginning in the Caribbean and, by 1600, extending throughout Central and South America.
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